Epinal Injection
৳ 16.00
Adults:
Hypnosis: 100 to 320 mg
Sedation: 30 to 120 mg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses
Epilepsy: 60 to 250 mg/day
Convulsion: 50 to 100 mg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses
Status epilepticus: IV 10-20 mg/Kg, repeat if needed
Children:
Preoperative: 1-3 mg/Kg body weight
Convulsion: 4-6 mg/Kg/day
Status epilepticus: IV 15-20 mg/Kg over 10-15 minutes
Phenobarbital is a long-acting barbiturate. It depresses the sensory cortex, reduces motor activity, changes cerebellar function and produces drowsiness, sedation and hypnosis. Its anticonvulsant property is exhibited at high doses.
Phenobarbital acts on GABAA receptors, increasing synaptic inhibition. This has the effect of elevating seizure threshold and reducing the spread of seizure activity from a seizure focus. Phenobarbital may also inhibit calcium channels, resulting in a decrease in excitatory transmitter release. The sedative-hypnotic effects of phenobarbital are likely the result of its effect on the polysynaptic midbrain reticular formation, which controls CNS arousal.
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